The U.S. Census Bureau tracks how many people move in and out of each state every year. This is called net domestic migration. The most recent numbers cover moves from July 2023 through June 2024.

These numbers are newer than the IRS data, which only goes up to 2021. However, the Census Bureau data is simpler—it only tells us how many people moved, not their incomes.

The table below shows the net number of people who moved into or out of each state from 2021 to 2024. A positive number means more people moved into the state than left (net gain). A negative number means more people left than moved in (net loss).

This data is useful for seeing recent trends, but it doesn’t provide financial information like the IRS data does.

State	2021	2022	2023	2024
Alabama	25,175	28,226	29,946	26,028
Alaska	-3,438	-5,832	-4,886	-3,774
Arizona	83,565	68,790	35,208	34,902
Arkansas	15,880	18,873	17,821	13,465
California	-477,586	-336,707	-344,029	-239,575
Colorado	5,817	6,227	6,341	5,422
Connecticut	19,406	-10,406	-6,462	-6,060
Delaware	13,461	12,578	9,931	8,155
District of Columbia	-6,432	-4,864	-2,580	-337
Florida	246,571	314,467	185,067	64,017
Georgia	36,384	79,891	52,290	25,321
Hawaii	-9,831	-15,833	-11,033	-9,321
Idaho	51,978	28,368	14,730	16,383
Illinois	-114,221	-143,390	-81,875	-56,235
Indiana	16,463	4,652	3,173	4,268
Iowa	1,944	-6,290	-3,674	-231
Kansas	-4,854	-7,128	-5,358	-4,701
Kentucky	2,704	10,439	7,297	7,294
Louisiana	-27,819	-47,984	-31,236	-17,405
Maine	18,016	14,379	9,598	5,329
Maryland	-17,763	-45,928	-32,748	-18,509
Massachusetts	-14,713	-54,843	-36,572	-27,480
Michigan	-29,240	-8,722	-17,446	-7,656
Minnesota	-10,549	-29,472	-5,334	-1,161
Mississippi	-5,802	-5,877	-3,481	-4,939
Missouri	17,206	4,160	9,638	12,289
Montana	20,539	15,661	9,110	5,410
Nebraska	-5,984	-4,437	-1,077	-1,498
Nevada	25,674	20,262	8,174	16,853
New Hampshire	8,528	10,011	4,470	4,889
New Jersey	-32,628	-66,769	-48,148	-35,554
New Mexico	-1,039	-4,616	-1,487	-1,571
New York	-300,058	-295,669	-176,893	-120,917
North Carolina	103,202	99,380	98,981	82,288
North Dakota	-3,966	-2,667	912	-291
Ohio	-26,839	-4,998	-967	-2,462
Oklahoma	26,585	26,026	22,660	14,036
Oregon	9,304	-7,730	-8,014	-1,162
Pennsylvania	28,184	-40,405	-21,730	-11,500
Rhode Island	356	-5,028	-3,281	-305
South Carolina	67,887	83,940	80,092	68,043
South Dakota	6,124	8,253	4,536	2,132
Tennessee	45,483	83,116	60,293	48,476
Texas	195,564	222,154	190,994	85,267
Utah	30,032	13,488	493	3,220
Vermont	4,871	1,095	773	-511
Virginia	-4,643	-25,629	-9,646	5,284
Washington	-15,688	-3,452	-17,293	2,671
West Virginia	2,984	289	3,296	4,520
Wisconsin	-18,603	7,502	7,685	6,332
Wyoming	1,809	2,449	1,741	861

What is Net Domestic Migration, Anyway?

Check out the glossary and learn about the data sourced on Vote With Your Feet.

Data & Definitions